The Tama 38 Program in Israel
Background and Goals
Launched in 2005, Tama 38 is an Israeli national program designed to upgrade the earthquake resilience of aging residential buildings and combat deteriorating housing stock. Its primary aim is to reduce structural damage and human casualties in the event of a quake, while promoting urban renewal and increased housing supply.
Key Provisions
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Structural Strengthening: foundation retrofits, reinforcement of bearing walls and floor slabs.
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Incentives for Owners: granting of additional building rights (balconies, extra floors, parking, commercial spaces) to offset construction costs.
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Safety and Modernization: installation of elevators, upgraded stairwells, and fire-protection systems.
Benefits
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Enhanced Safety: better protection for residents against earthquakes.
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Property Value Increase: added living area and modern amenities boost market value.
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Urban Renewal: revitalizes neighborhoods without expanding into open land.
Challenges and Limitations
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Administrative Complexity: permitting and consensus among co-owners can be time-consuming.
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Financial Viability: ensuring economically viable deals for all owners.
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Social Impact: potential displacement of lower-income residents during or after construction.
Outlook
Tama 38 has led to the rehabilitation of thousands of buildings nationwide. To enhance its reach, regional variants (Tama 38/2, Tama 38/III) now provide extra subsidies or streamlined procedures in designated priority areas.